Study Site & Schedule
The bai complex of Mingingi, Mabale and Bonye is situated in the north of the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park in northern Congo. Data collection takes place over four 45-day field missions, comprising 15 observation days at each of the three bais. Daily observations at the bai are taken between 12:00 and 16:30. These three major bais form part of a larger complex of bais across the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park and Dzanga-Ndoki National Parks in Central African Republic, making this particular area extremely important for elephants and a major predictor of elephant spatial distribution.